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高层起火向上跑还是向下跑?记住这些,危急时刻能救命!

2025-11-28 15:37  

26日,香港新界大埔屋邨宏福苑多栋住宅楼发生火灾,造成重大人员伤亡。

高层火灾有哪些特点?如果遇到应该如何逃生?这些常识一定要了解↓

高层火灾如何逃生?

高层建筑火灾荷载大,各类管道竖井多,从火灾调查的实际情况看,往往3分钟左右,烟气就能充满整个空间。

疏散逃生过程中,要用湿毛巾捂住口鼻,以免吸入烟雾,同时用湿棉被包住身体。如果已经有烟雾在蔓延,应当放低体位迅速移动。同时,根据位置判断危险性:

■ 楼上发生火灾

这种情况危险最小,火在上面,人在下面,火势和浓烟被楼板阻隔。只要从楼梯下楼即可,下楼时不要乘坐电梯。

■ 同楼层发生火灾

这种情况下,需通过看烟雾情况决定逃还是不逃。

我们可开一条门缝,如果门外没有浓烟,就赶紧下楼;如果有烟就回到室内把入户门关好,堵住门缝防烟,等待救援。

 身边发生火灾

如果发现室内起火,且火势控制不了,必须迅速逃离。

如果火势把通向入户门的路线封住了,应找一个有外窗的卫生间或房间,关门堵缝,做好防烟,等待救援。

■ 楼下发生火灾

这种情况极其危险,很多人就是在这种情况下盲目逃生而不幸丧生。

逃与不逃,主要是开门看烟:

开一条门缝,如果有大量浓烟涌入,说明走廊和楼梯间充满了浓烟,这时就要退回室内关门防烟等救援;

如果开门走廊里没有烟,但是楼梯间里有烟,仍要退回室内关门等待救援;

如果开门走廊里没有烟,楼梯间也没有烟,可迅速逃离。

                                                                     

向上跑,还是向下跑?

自己家里着火:出了门,往下跑。

别人家着火:着火层在自家楼上,往下跑。着火层在自家楼下,楼梯间里面没烟,或烟很小,向下跑;楼梯间里浓烟很大,那就立即回家,堵住房门,等待救援。

牢记八字口诀:

“小火快跑,大火关门”

■ 什么情况下“小火快跑”?

自己家里发生火灾,且无法自己扑灭,这时如果火没有挡住逃生路线,要迅速逃离。

别人家里起火,有可能烧到自己家里来,楼道里没有烟雾,要择机跑出去。最好是早点跑。

■ 什么情况下“大火关门”不跑?

如果在自身未受到火或烟威胁,楼道也没有可燃物,经过判断火不会马上烧进门,门外浓烟也进不了家门的前提下——

楼梯间里着火且浓烟不断,这时楼梯间就是个大烟囱,通过楼梯间逃离会更危险,不跑。务必关上房门,用湿毛巾封堵门缝,迅速拨打119等待救援。

别人家着火,但经过分析肯定烧不到自己家里来,且毒气也不可能过来,那就不跑,做好防护,等待救援。

在选择躲避位置时,要尽量选择建筑物外侧靠近主要街道并且有可开启外窗的房间,要尽快拨打119,提供尽量清晰具体的信息,可在窗边发出声响或灯光挥舞衣物求援。

火灾自救

要视火灾的情形而定

尽可能早发现火灾

尽可能躲火避烟

最大限度地保证生命安全

转发提醒!↓↓↓


本文来源:央视新闻综合中国消防、应急管理部等 

本文属于政务公益宣传,对于文字或者图片有异议的,请联系删除!


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